Material working machine



' Sam. 3&1), 115$ R. E. DENENG ETAL MATERIAL WORKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 27, 1956 &m n SR ZS. J wmmmw Un E M HWI NNB T U s M .w

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E: T B Mg U 8% V 0 V. RM w United States Patent MATERIAL wonnmo MACHINE Robert it Herring, Montebello, and Leslie H. Garlinghouse, Pasadena, Calif., assignors, by direct and means assignments, to Garlinghouse Brothers, L Angeies, Calif., 21 eta-partnership Application February 27, 1956, Serial No. 568,117

3 Claims. (Cl. 259-:1i32) The invention relates to material working devices of a nature wherein a rotary power input is converted to a somewhat undulatory reciprocating output accompanied by an appreciable change in the application of power. More particularly the invention relates to a wobble power train by means of which a somewhat undulatory reciprocating motion in a tool can be employed for various purposes with relatively minor variations in the character of the tool to perform such jobs as pulverizing, mixing, milling, boring, and sundry other related operations.

The mixing of materials has challenged the ingenuity of designers for a great many years. During that time there has been relatively little departure from the common expedient of making use of rotary motion to do a kneading and mixing action by employment of blades and mixing paddles which are given a great variety of diiferent configurations in an attempt to exert the various types of movement upon the material which a particular kneading or mixing action might require. The kneading operations also include chopping and cutting operations as in the mixing of certain types of materials such as crude rubber where the mass might need to be cut at the same time that it is kneaded and mixed, thereby to more effectively produce a uniform homogeneous fluid or semifluid mass.

In other material working operations such as boring and milling the common practice has been to use rotary cutters with teeth styled to accomplish the particular boring or milling job required, Those material working operations which have departed from the routine rotating cutters have been entirely different in their operation as, for example, broaches which are driven through the work in a linear direction so that a gradually enlarging tooth formation is depended upon to progressively cut away the material.

While such mixing, milling and material working tools have considerable effectiveness and a very wide-spread use, they nevertheless need such special design that they are often expensive or lack versatility or perhaps need such a large power input that they are not operated as economically as they might otherwise be. Frequently also by reason of the fact that electric motors are most commonly depended upon for power, expensive gear reducers are needed to convert the rapid rotation of the motor to a sufliciently slow rotation to be effective in the operation needed.

It is therefore among the objects of the invention to provide a new and improved material Working means whereby high speed rotary motion can be very effectively and efiiciently converted to a kneading or mixing motion or a motion adapted to the cutting and working of material accompanied by a highly satisfactory alteration in the application of power to the work.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved material working tool by virtue of which rotary motion can be converted to a generally reciprocating motion without the employment of complicated gear boxes, cams, and other mechanical expedients commonly resorted to in such changes of motion.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved pulverizing and mixing device which, although electrically operated, can be run at a low speed through an extremely simple transfer apparatus which automatically gives to the work engaging portion. of the device simultaneously a kneading and mixing motion suited to a great variety of material working operations.

Still further among the objects of the invention is to provide a new and improved simplified material working device which is capable of directly changing rotating mo tion to a generally reciprocating motion adapted to high power and accurate cutting of material in operations. of the nature of boring and milling.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of the device whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter set forth, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a longitudinal view partially in section showing the simplified power transfer apparatus mounted for operation as a pulverizing and mixing device.

Figure 2 is a bottom view of the material engaging portion of the device of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the device of Figure 1 provided with a somewhat diiferent type of mixing medium.

Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the device of Fig ure 3.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal view partially in section showing the power transfer device mounted for a boring operation on work.

Figure 6 is a side perspective view of the power transfer device mounted in a manner to operate as a milling cutter.

In an embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration and particularly as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 there is shown a frame generally indicated by the reference character 10 mounted upon a base 11, the frame comprising upright columns 12 and 13 and adapted to retain a bowl or pan 14. At the top of the columns is a beam 15 which may take the form of a platform of Sufi lent length and breadth to provide a mounting for a motor 1a. A drive shaft 17 of the mot-or is connected by means of bevel gears 18 and 19 to a driven shaft 29. The driven shaft is rotatably mounted by conventional combined rotating and thrust bearings 21 on the beam 15. At the lower end of the shaft 20 is a flange or collar 22 to which is connected a head 23 which extends eccentrically with respect to an axis 24 of the shaft 20.

In the particular embodiment shown the head is provided with a thrust face 25 tilted at an oblique angle with respect to the axis 24. A stub shaft 26 extends downwardly from the thrust face in a direction such that an axis 27 of the stub shaft is tilted at a slight oblique angle with respect to the axis 24.

Mounted upon the stub shaft is a mixing device indicated generally by the reference character 30. The mixing device of the chosen embodiment comprises a hub 35 which may contain sets of conical or other bearings, not shown, but of such character as will permit the mixing device Iii to rotate freely about the axis 27. As shown the mixing device comprises a band section in the form of a circular rim 36 provided with blade-like spokes 27, the spokes tapering from a somewhat shallow outer end 23 to a substantially wider inner end 29. The inner end 29' is joined to the hub 35 and the outer end 28 is joined to the rim 26 in each case. Between each'pair of adjacent spokes is a hollow cylindrical cutter 40 rather shallow'in depth and secured by some appropriate fastening means to the immediately adjacent spokes and to the adjacent inside surface of the rim 36.

When the device is to be operated the bowl or pan 14 is loaded with some particular material 4-1 to a depth more or less even with the large inner ends of the spokes 27. When the motor 16 is started, the shaft 29 will be rotated about its axis 24. This causes the head 23 to rotate about the shaft which also means that the axis 27 will rotate about the axis 24. Good performance can be achieved when the axis 27 intercepts the axis 24 approximately at the location of the lower face of the rim 36. As the stub shaft 26 is rotated about the shaft 20 the mixing device will wobble about in a somewhat rotating path. The rim 36, however, will remain approximately nonrotatable, depending upon where the axes intersect, or will slowly rotate in one direction or another relatively with respect to the material being worked. By reason of the eccentricity present and the oblique direction of the axis 27 of the stub shaft, each point on the rim 36 of the mixing device will move up and down in a somewhat arcuate direction. The same motion is given to the cutters 40 where, however, the extent of motion in the arcuate direction will vary with the distance of a particular point from the axis 27. By properly manipulating the intersection of the axes so as to achieve a slow rotating motion of the mixing device 30 as a whole, the spokes will serve to move the material being mixed in a somewhat rotary direction. The wobble or generally arcuate vertical path traveled by the rim and the cutter causes a mixing when it moves in both vertical directions, whether up or down, as long as the level of the material being worked is above the upper surface of the rim at the topmost stage of its motion. By this motion the material is cut, worked, and kneaded at the same time.

When a somewhat different action need be given to the 7 material there may be provided on the hub 35 a series of independent radially extending beaters 45 which in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 all chance to lie in the same plane of rotation about the axis 27. The wobble motion imparted to the outer circumference of the hub and hence to the heaters results in a substantially arcuate generally vertical movement of the heaters accompanied by a slight rotating movement as a result of which the materials are moved up and down and laterally through the material to be mixed or beaten to cause a particular desired churning action.

On those occasions where the power transfer device may be needed for work operations on metallic material. plastics, wood, or the like, there may be provided a bed 50 upon which is mounted a motor 51 in such direction that a drive shaft 52 operating through a pulley 53 and belt 54 is adapted to rotate a pulley 55 and a shaft 56. The shaft 56 may be mounted for rotation in some suitable frame 57, a fragment of which is shown in Figure 5.

On the shaft 56 is a head 58 of the same type as that previously described, the head being such that it is adapted to have mounted upon it a stub shaft 59 with an axis 60 of the stub shaft extending in an oblique direction with respect to an axis 61 of the shaft 51. Here again a hub 62 is mounted on the stub shaft 59 by some suitable bearings, not shown, so that a cutter 63 integral with the hub may be given a generally reciprocating arcuate motion with respect to the axis 61.

A carriage 64 may be mounted in laterally sliding position on the bed 50 so that a work piece 65 secured to the carriage can be moved toward the cutter 63 which serves as a material cutting tool. The cutter 63 has a sharp edge 66 which may be made and maintained by customary sharpening methods. The sharp edge is directed toward the left so that as the work piece 65 is moved toward the cutter an endwise. somewhat arcuate motion is imparted to each particle on the circumference thereof by rotation of the shaft 51 and the wobble motion of the hub 62.-

The. sharp edge will progressively cut into a wall 67 of the work piece 65 thereby making a cut surface 68 which in the embodiment of Figure 5 is adapted to enlarge the original interior surface 69 of a bore 70. Cutters of different diameter may be substituted for the cutter 63 to progressively enlargethe bore if that be the type of Work sought to be accomplished. The power imparted to the cutter can be varied by providing astub shaft 59 with dilterent degrees of obliquity with respect to the axis 61. A very considerable power can be imparted by the device herein illustrated anddescribed resulting from the somewhat wobble-like motion of the cutting edge 66.

The same motion canbe taken advantage of when the device is mounted to serve as a milling cutter, as illustrated in Figure 6. As there mounted a work carriage 75 is so positioned on the bed 50 that the carriage can move transverse to the axis 61 of the shaft 56. The work carriage 75 in the embodiment of Figure 6 is shown with a block 76 mounted thereon for a milling operation. By suitable conventional means the work carriage 75 may be moved in the direction of the arrow 77. As the block 76 is advanced toward the cutter 63, the sharp edge 66, or in any event that portion of it which temporarily faces the advancing block, moves in a generally vertical and slightly arcuate direction with respect to the surface of the block 76 and with an amplitude dependent upon the obliquity of the axis with respect to the axis 51. The arcuate. motion thus imparted to the sharp edge. 66 by rotation of the shaft 51 results in a continuous cutting action which may progress from one side to the other of the arcuate cut 78 made in the block by action of the cutter. By repositioning the block on the carriage, successive cuts may be made thereby to remove any desired proportion of the surface of the block to a depth determined in part by the arcuate motion of the cutter and in part by the adjustment of the carriage 75 toward or away from the normal path of motion of the cutter.

There has accordingly been described herein and clearly illustrated in the drawings a power transfer mechanism of an extremely simple sort wherein the number of moving parts has been reduced to virtually a minimum and by means of which there is a proper transfer in the magnitude of power applied as a rotating power which accompanies a translation of rotary power into a generally reciprocating movement well adapted to many different types of material working operations, typical examples of which have been described in detail.

While we have herein shown and described our invention in what we have conceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is recognized that departures may be made therefrom within the scope of our invention, which is not to be'limited to the details disclosed herein but is to be accorded the full scope of the claims so as to embrace any and all equivalentdevices.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A material working device comprising a frame, an inflexible shaft rotatably mounted in a fixed position .on

said frame, said shaft having an extension thereon, a ma-- terial working element having an unrestricted rotatable mounting on said extension, the axis of rotation of said rotatable mounting being at an acute angle relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft, a material holding bowl having sides and a bottom surrounding and spaced from the material working element, said element having radially and relatively flat vertically extending portions extending from the axis outwardly, and substantially vertically extending band sections joining portions of the first identified portions, said first identified. portions and said band sections having outwardly facing material engaging edges.

2. A material working device comprising a frame, an inflexible shaft rotatably mounted in a fixed position on said frame, said shaft having a lower extension thereon, a material working element having an unrestricted rotatable mounting on said lower extension, the axis of rotation of said rotatable mounting being at an acute angle relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft, a material holding bowl having sides and a bott J-m surrounding and spaced from the material working element, said element having radially and relatively flat vertically extending spokes of depth diminishing progressively from the axis outwardly, and substantially vertically extending band sections joining portions of the spokes, said spokes and said band sections having material engaging edges.

3. A material working device comprising a frame, an inflexible shaft rotatably mounted in a fixed position on said frame, said shaft having a lower extension thereon, a material working element having an unrestricted rotatable mounting on the lower extension, the axis of rotation of said rotatable mounting being at an acute angle relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft and intersecting said last axis at a point adjacent the lowermost part of said material Working element, a material holding bowl having sides and a bottom surrounding and spaced from the material Working element, said element having radially and relatively fiat vertically extending imperforate spokes of depth diminishing progressively from the axis outwardly, a substantially vertically extending band section joining outer portions of the spokes, and elements in areas intermediate said spokes and portions of said band section having substantially vertically extending walls positioned in directions different from said spokes and respective portions of said band section whereby to simultaneously cut into and mix contents of said bowl in a plurality of different directions.

Minger Apr. 22, 1919 Davis Nov. 14, 1933 

